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Sunday, May 28, 2023
Coronary Artery Disease NCLEX Questions
Here are your results:
Your Grade: F
Percentage of What you Got Right: 23
Go Here for More Quizzes
Your Answers & what you got Right & Wrong:
Your Grade: F
Percentage of What you Got Right: 23
Go Here for More Quizzes
Your Answers & what you got Right & Wrong:
1. True or False: The left anterior descending coronary artery provides blood supply to the left ventricle, front of the septum and part of the right ventricle.
- True
- False
Answer: True...the LAD (left anterior descending artery) provides blood supply to the left ventricle, front of the septum and collateral circulation to the right ventricle.
2. Which coronary artery provides blood to the left atrium and left ventricle:
- A. Right marginal artery
- B. Posterior descending artery
- C. Left circumflex artery
- D. Right coronary artery
Answer: C. The LCA provides blood to the left atrium and left ventricle.
3. Which patient(s) are most at risk for developing coronary artery disease? Select-all-that-apply:
- A. A 25 year old patient who exercises 3 times per week for 30 minutes a day and has a history of cervical cancer.
- B. A 35 year old male with a BMI of 30 and reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day.
- C. A 45 year old female that reports her father died at the age of 42 from a myocardial infraction.
- D. A 29 year old that has type I diabetes.
Answers: B,C, D. Remember risk factors for developing CAD include: smoking, family history, diabetes, being overweight or obese, and high cholesterol.
4. A patient reports during a routine check-up that he is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath while performing activities. He states the pain goes away when he rests. This is known as:
- A. Unstable angina
- B. Variant angina
- C. Stable angina
- D. Prinzmetal angina
Answer: C. Stable angina occurs during activities but goes away when the patient rests. Variant and Prinzmetal angina are the same and occur at rest during cycles. Unstable angina is chest pain felt during rest and is more severe.
5. Keeping the patient in question 4 in mind: What type of diagnostic tests will the physician most likely order (at first) for this patient to evaluate the cause of the patient’s symptoms? Select-all-that-apply:
- A. EKG
- B. Stress test
- C. Heart catheterization
- D. Balloon angioplasty
Answers: A and B. If the patient is experiencing STABLE angina (which in question 4 the patient's symptoms are stable) an EKG or stress test would be ordered to investigate if there are any EKG changes (ST depression) during exercise. These tests are usually ordered first and then the doctor may proceed with a heart catheterization. A balloon angioplasty is sometimes performed during a heart cath.
6. You're providing education to a patient who will be undergoing a heart catheterization. Which statement by the patient requires you to re-educate the patient about this procedure?
- A. “The brachial artery is most commonly used for this procedure.”
- B. “A dye is injected into the coronary arteries to assess for blockages."
- C. “Not all patients who have a heart catheterization will need a stent placement.”
- D. “I will not be completely asleep and will be able to breathe on my own during the procedure.”
Answers: A. The femoral or radial artery is used during a heart cath...not the brachial.
7. A patient reports having crushing chest pain that radiates to the jaw. You administer sublingual nitroglycerin and obtain a 12 lead EKG. Which of the following EKG findings confirms your suspicion of a possible myocardial infraction?
- A. absent Q wave
- B. QRS widening
- C. absent P-wave
- D. ST segment elevation
Answer: D This is a common finding on an EKG when a patient is having a myocardial infraction due to muscle damage.
8. A patient is receiving treatment for stable coronary artery disease. The doctor prescribes the patient Plavix. What important information will you include in the patient's teaching? Select-all-that-apply:
- A. If you are scheduled for any planned surgical procedures, let your doctor know you are taking Plavix because this medication will need to be discontinued 5-7 days prior to the procedure.
- B. A normal side effect of this medication is a dry cough.
- C. Avoid green leafy vegetables while taking Plavix.
- D. Notify the doctor, immediately, if you develop bruising, problems urinating, or fever.
Answers: A and D. Patients on Plavix should let their doctor know that they are taking Plavix because it should be discontinued 5 to 7 days before a surgical procedure due to increased risk of bleeding. Also, option D represents signs and symptoms of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura a clotting disorder where clots form in the vessels of the body which is a complication of Plavix.
9. A patient calls the cardiac clinic you are working at and reports that they have taken 3 sublingual doses of Nitroglycerin as prescribed for chest pain, but the chest pain is not relieved. What do you educate the patient to do next?
- A. Take another dose of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes.
- B. Call 911 immediately
- C. Lie down and rest to see if that helps with relieving the pain
- D. Take two doses of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes
Answer: B. If a patient's chest pain is not relieved with 3 doses of Nitroglycerin, taken 5 minutes apart, they should call 911 immediately. The patient should never exceed more than 3 doses of Nitroglycerin or take 2 doses at one time.
10. Lipitor is prescribed for a patient with a high cholesterol level. As the nurse, how do you educate the patient on how this drugs works on the body?
- A. Lipitor increases LDL levels and decreases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
- B. Lipitor decreases LDL, HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
- C. Lipitor increases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
- D. Lipitor increases HDL levels and decreases LDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
Answer: D. Lipitor is a common "statin" medication used to lower cholesterol in CAD. It works by increasing HDL levels (the "good" cholesterol") and decreases LDL (the "bad" cholesterol"), total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
11. A patient taking Zocor is reporting muscle pain. You are evaluating the patient’s lab work and note that which of the following findings could cause muscle pain?
- A. Elevated potassium level
- B. Elevated CPK (creatine kinase level)
- C. Decreased potassium level
- D. Decreased CPK (creatine kinase level)
Answer: B. Zocor (a statin medication used for lowering cholestorl) can cause increased CPK levels which will lead to a patient experiencing muscle pain. Therefore, CPK levels must be monitored while a patient is taking this medication.
12. A patient who has diabetes will be started on Metoprolol for medical management of coronary artery disease. Which of the following will you include in your discharge teaching about this medication?
- A. Check your heart rate regularly because Metoprolol can cause an irregular heart rate.
- B. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can cause hyperglycemia.
- C. Check your blood pressure regularly because this medication can cause hypertension.
- D. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can mask the typical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
Answer: D. This patient needs to be educated to check their glucose levels regularly because this medication can mask the typical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. This is very important since the patient is diabetic.
13. True or False: ACE inhibitors work to decrease the workload on the heart by blocking the conversion of Angiotensin II to Angiotensin I which causes vasodilation.
- True
- False
Answer: False. ACE inhibitors work to decrease the workload on the heart by blocking the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II (not Angiotensin II to Angiotensin I as stated in the question) which causes vasodilation.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) NCLEX Questions
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) NCLEX Questions
https://www.registerednursern.com/coronary-artery-disease-nclex-questions/
This quiz will test your nursing knowledge about coronary artery disease (CAD) for the NCLEX exam.
1. True or False: The left anterior descending coronary artery provides blood supply to the left ventricle, front of the septum and part of the right ventricle.*
True
False
2. Which coronary artery provides blood to the left atrium and left ventricle:*
A. Right marginal artery
B. Posterior descending artery
C. Left circumflex artery
D. Right coronary artery
3. Which patient(s) are most at risk for developing coronary artery disease? Select-all-that-apply:*
A. A 25 year old patient who exercises 3 times per week for 30 minutes a day and has a history of cervical cancer.
B. A 35 year old male with a BMI of 30 and reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day.
C. A 45 year old female that reports her father died at the age of 42 from a myocardial infraction.
D. A 29 year old that has type I diabetes.
4. A patient reports during a routine check-up that he is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath while performing activities. He states the pain goes away when he rests. This is known as:*
A. Unstable angina
B. Variant angina
C. Stable angina
D. Prinzmetal angina
5. Keeping the patient in question 4 in mind: What type of diagnostic tests will the physician most likely order (at first) for this patient to evaluate the cause of the patient’s symptoms? Select-all-that-apply:*
A. EKG
B. Stress test
C. Heart catheterization
D. Balloon angioplasty
6. You're providing education to a patient who will be undergoing a heart catheterization. Which statement by the patient requires you to re-educate the patient about this procedure?*
A. “The brachial artery is most commonly used for this procedure.”
B. “A dye is injected into the coronary arteries to assess for blockages."
C. “Not all patients who have a heart catheterization will need a stent placement.”
D. “I will not be completely asleep and will be able to breathe on my own during the procedure.”
7. A patient reports having crushing chest pain that radiates to the jaw. You administer sublingual nitroglycerin and obtain a 12 lead EKG. Which of the following EKG findings confirms your suspicion of a possible myocardial infraction?*
A. absent Q wave
B. QRS widening
C. absent P-wave
D. ST segment elevation
8. A patient is receiving treatment for stable coronary artery disease. The doctor prescribes the patient Plavix. What important information will you include in the patient's teaching? Select-all-that-apply:*
A. If you are scheduled for any planned surgical procedures, let your doctor know you are taking Plavix because this medication will need to be discontinued 5-7 days prior to the procedure.
B. A normal side effect of this medication is a dry cough.
C. Avoid green leafy vegetables while taking Plavix.
D. Notify the doctor, immediately, if you develop bruising, problems urinating, or fever.
9. A patient calls the cardiac clinic you are working at and reports that they have taken 3 sublingual doses of Nitroglycerin as prescribed for chest pain, but the chest pain is not relieved. What do you educate the patient to do next?*
A. Take another dose of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes.
B. Call 911 immediately
C. Lie down and rest to see if that helps with relieving the pain
D. Take two doses of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes
10. Lipitor is prescribed for a patient with a high cholesterol level. As the nurse, how do you educate the patient on how this drugs works on the body?*
A. Lipitor increases LDL levels and decreases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
B. Lipitor decreases LDL, HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
C. Lipitor increases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
D. Lipitor increases HDL levels and decreases LDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
11. A patient taking Zocor is reporting muscle pain. You are evaluating the patient’s lab work and note that which of the following findings could cause muscle pain?*
A. Elevated potassium level
B. Elevated CPK (creatine kinase level)
C. Decreased potassium level
D. Decreased CPK (creatine kinase level)
12. A patient who has diabetes will be started on Metoprolol for medical management of coronary artery disease. Which of the following will you include in your discharge teaching about this medication?*
A. Check your heart rate regularly because Metoprolol can cause an irregular heart rate.
B. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can cause hyperglycemia.
C. Check your blood pressure regularly because this medication can cause hypertension.
D. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can mask the typical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
13. True or False: ACE inhibitors work to decrease the workload on the heart by blocking the conversion of Angiotensin II to Angiotensin I which causes vasodilation.*
True
False
(NOTE: When you hit submit, it will refresh this same page. Scroll down to see your results.)
NCLEX Questions on Coronary Artery Disease
1. True or False: The left anterior descending coronary artery provides blood supply to the right ventricle and to the front of the septum.
2. Which coronary artery provides blood to the left atrium and left ventricle:
A. Right marginal artery
B. Posterior descending artery
C. Left circumflex artery
D. Right coronary artery
3. Which patient(s) are most at risk for developing coronary artery disease? Select-all-that-apply:
A. A 25 year old patient who exercises 3 times per week for 30 minutes a day and has a history of cervical cancer.
B. A 35 year old male with a BMI of 30 and reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day.
C. A 45 year old female that reports her father died at the age of 42 from a myocardial infraction.
D. A 29 year old that has type I diabetes.
4. A patient reports during a routine check-up that he is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath while performing activities. He states the pain goes away when he rests. This is known as:
A. Unstable angina
B. Variant angina
C. Stable angina
D. Prinzmetal angina
5. Keeping the patient in question 4 in mind: What type of diagnostic tests will the physician most likely order (at first) for this patient to evaluate the cause of the patient’s symptoms? Select-all-that-apply:
A. EKG
B. Stress test
C. Heart catheterization
D. Balloon angioplasty
6. You’re providing education to a patient who will be undergoing a heart catheterization. Which statement by the patient requires you to re-educate the patient about this procedure?
A. “The brachial artery is most commonly used for this procedure.”
B. “A dye is injected into the coronary arteries to assess for blockages.”
C. “Not all patients who have a heart catheterization will need a stent placement.”
D. “I will not be completely asleep and will be able to breathe on my own during the procedure.”
7. A patient reports having crushing chest pain that radiates to the jaw. You administer sublingual nitroglycerin and obtain a 12 lead EKG. Which of the following EKG findings confirms your suspicion of a possible myocardial infraction?
A. absent Q wave
B. QRS widening
C. absent P-wave
D. ST segment elevation
8. A patient is receiving treatment for stable coronary artery disease. The doctor prescribes the patient Plavix. What important information will you include in the patient’s teaching? Select-all-that-apply:
A. If you are scheduled for any planned surgical procedures, let your doctor know you are taking Plavix because this medication will need to be discontinued 5-7 days prior to the procedure.
B. A normal side effect of this medication is a dry cough.
C. Avoid green leafy vegetables while taking Plavix.
D. Notify the doctor, immediately, if you develop bruising, problems urinating, or fever.
9. A patient calls the cardiac clinic you are working at and reports that they have taken 3 sublingual doses of nitroglycerin as prescribed for chest pain, but the chest pain is not relieved. What do you educate the patient to do next?
A. Take another dose of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes.
B. Call 911 immediately
C. Lie down and rest to see if that helps with relieving the pain
D. Take two doses of Nitroglycerin in 5 minutes
10. Lipitor is prescribed for a patient with a high cholesterol level. As the nurse, how do you educate the patient on how this drugs works on the body?
A. Lipitor increases LDL levels and decreases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
B. Lipitor decreases LDL, HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
C. Lipitor increases HDL levels, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
D. Lipitor increases HDL levels and decreases LDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
11. A patient taking Zocor is reporting muscle pain. You are evaluating the patient’s lab work and note that which of the following findings could cause muscle pain?
A. Elevated potassium level
B. Elevated CPK (creatine kinase level)
C. Decreased potassium level
D. Decreased CPK (creatine kinase level)
12. A patient who has diabetes will be started on Metoprolol for medical management of coronary artery disease. Which of the following will you include in your discharge teaching about this medication?
A. Check your heart rate regularly because Metoprolol can cause an irregular heart rate.
B. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can cause hyperglycemia.
C. Check your blood pressure regularly because this medication can cause hypertension.
D. Check your glucose regularly because this medication can mask the typical signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
13. True or False: ACE inhibitors work to decrease the workload on the heart by blocking the conversion of Angiotensin II to Angiotensin I which causes vasodilation.
Atherosclerosis -what causes atherosclerosis of aorta
copy from Hopkinsmedicine for learning purpose
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/atherosclerosis
https://www.registerednursern.com/coronary-artery-disease-nclex-questions/
result Answer Key:
1. False2. C
3. B, C, D
4. C
5. A, B
6. A
7. D
8. A, D
9. B
10. D
11. B
12. D
13. False
Atherosclerosis is thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery.
Risk factors may include high cholesterol and triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, physical activity, and eating saturated fats.
Plaque is made up of deposits of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and fibrin. As it builds up in the arteries, the artery walls become thickened and stiff.
How do you get atherosclerosis of aorta? What causes atherosclerosis of the aorta?
- Smoking or using tobacco products.
- Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol).
- Hypertension (high blood pressure).
- Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
- Autoimmune diseases and inflammation, especially large vessel vasculitis.
What causes atherosclerosis?
It's not clear exactly how atherosclerosis starts or what causes it. However, a gradual buildup of plaque or thickening due to inflammation occurs on the inside of the walls of the artery. This reduces blood flow and oxygen supply to the vital body organs and extremities.
How serious is atherosclerosis of the aorta?
Atherosclerosis of the Aorta
Atherosclerosis usually occurs in the abdominal section of the aorta and is a common cause of abdominal aortic aneurysms. An aneurysm is a bulging or ballooning of the blood vessel that can be deadly if it ruptures.
What are the risk factors for atherosclerosis?
Risk factors for atherosclerosis, include:
- High cholesterol and
- triglyceride levels
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Type 1 diabetes
- Obesity
- Physical inactivity
- High saturated fat diet
How do I reduce plaque in my aorta?
- Treatment for plaque buildup
- Eat a Mediterranean diet.
- It can reduce heart disease risk by 30%. ...
- Kick the habit.
- Smoking damages the lining of the arteries. ...
- Exercise.
- Aerobic exercise can raise HDL, lower blood pressure, burn body fat, and lower blood sugar levels.
What are the symptoms of atherosclerosis?
Signs and symptoms of atherosclerosis may develop gradually, and may be few, as the plaque gradually builds up in the artery.
Symptoms may also vary depending on the affected artery. However, when a major artery is blocked, signs and symptoms may be severe, such as those occurring with heart attack, stroke, or blood clot.
How is atherosclerosis diagnosed?
Cardiac catheterization. With this procedure, a long thin tube (catheter) is passed into the coronary arteries. X-rays are taken after a dye is injected into an artery to locate the narrowing, blockages, and other abnormalities of specific arteries.
Doppler sonography. A special probe is used to direct sound waves into a blood vessel to evaluate blood flow. An audio receiver amplifies the sound of the blood moving though the vessel. Faintness or absence of sound may mean there is a blockage. This is used to identify narrowing of the blood vessels of the abdomen, neck, or legs.
Blood pressure comparison. Comparing blood pressure measurements in the ankles and in the arms helps determine any constriction in blood flow. Significant differences may mean blood vessels are narrowed due to atherosclerosis.
MUGA/radionuclide angiography. This is a nuclear scan to see how the heart wall moves and how much blood is expelled with each heartbeat, while the person is at rest.
Thallium/myocardial perfusion scan. This is a nuclear scan given while the person is at rest or after exercise that may reveal areas of the heart muscle that are not getting enough blood.
Computerized tomography or CT. This is a type of X-ray test that can see if there is coronary calcification that may suggest a future heart problem.
What is the fastest way to unclog your arteries?
How Do I Get My Arteries Unclogged?
5 Methods to Unclog Arteries. Here are a few methods to deal with clogged arteries.
- Changes in Diet. Diet plays a very important role in a healthy lifestyle. ...
- Regular Exercise. One of the best ways to unclog arteries filled with plaque is to work out daily. ...
- Quit Smoking. ...
- Drugs. ...
- Surgery.
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