Monday, July 7, 2025

 Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood?

A. Pulmonary artery
B. Pulmonary vein
C. Superior vena cava
D. Right atrium




  1. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

  2. The pulmonary artery actually carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, which is the opposite of most arteries.

  3. The superior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium.




What is the primary function of white blood cells (leukocytes)?
A. Carry oxygen
B. Fight infections
C. Clot blood
D. Produce hormones

✔️ Answer: B. Fight infections

Explanation:
White blood cells (leukocytes) are a key part of the immune system. Their main job is to:

  • Detect and destroy pathogens (like bacteria, viruses, and parasites)

  • Support the body’s immune defense

Which process describes water moving across a semipermeable membrane?
A. Active transport
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Filtration


Explanation:

  • Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration, aiming to balance the solute levels.

  • It’s a passive transport process (doesn’t require energy).

What type of joint is found in the shoulder and hip?
A. Hinge
B. Pivot
C. Saddle
D. Ball and socket

✔️ Answer: D. Ball and socket

Explanation:

  • The shoulder and hip joints are both ball-and-socket joints, which allow for a wide range of motion in almost all directions.

  • These joints enable movements like rotation, abduction, adduction, and circumduction.


Which structure connects muscle to bone?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Tendon
D. Fascia

  • Tendons connect muscle to bone and help transfer the force of muscle contraction to move the bones.

  • Ligaments, in contrast, connect bone to bone at joints.

  • Cartilage cushions joints, and fascia is connective tissue surrounding muscles and organs.

  • Which organ is responsible for detoxifying the blood and producing bile?
    A. Kidney
    B. Liver
    C. Pancreas
    D. Gallbladder

    What’s your answer?


  • Question 7:

    DNA is made up of:
    A. Amino acids
    B. Fatty acids
    C. Nucleotides

    D. Monosaccharides


    • A sugar (deoxyribose)

    • A phosphate group

    • A nitrogenous base (A, T, C, or G)

  • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is made up of repeating units called nucleotides, each consisting of:

  • Amino acids build proteins, fatty acids build lipids, and monosaccharides are simple sugars.


  • At extremely high temperatures, enzymes denature, meaning:

    • Their shape changes

    • They lose function

  • Enzymes only work within an optimal temperature range. Too hot = structure breaks down.


  • What is the atomic number of an element?
    A. Number of protons
    B. Number of neutrons
    C. Number of electrons + neutrons
    D. Number of isotopes


    • Golgi apparatus

      Explanation:


      The Golgi apparatus is the organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport inside or outside the cell.


      Ribosomes (your answer) are where proteins are made, but they don’t package or transport them.


    • -